| Аннотацiя: |
The Republic of Uzbekistan is a major producer of agricultural products. The production of vegetables, grapes, fruit and berries, melons and gourds is increasing from year to year. The total volume of their production approximates 16,200 thousand tonnes a year. The seeds of these crops make up 2 to 10% of the mass of processed raw materials and are sources of valuable bioactive substances.The main method of obtaining oil(from apricot kernels, grape and melon seeds) is cold pressing, i.e. pressing carried out at a temperature below 60°C. Such oil immediately passes from the category of ordinary table oils to the category of medicinal products. At present, in Uzbekistan, to obtain high-quality vegetable oil, apricot kernels, grape and cucurbit seeds are processed on low-tonnage production lines by cold pressing. However, this method of processing raw materials does not provide the maximum yield of valuable vegetable oil andits nutrients. Oil cakes are not processed to obtain bioactive substances, nor is extraction practised as a method of obtaining them.Unlike other solvents such as butane or hexane, ethanol, when used for extraction, has the advantage of being virtually harmless to the user. Unlike so-called CO2extraction, that with ethanol requires no expensive equipment, and if the technology is observed, the extract obtained can have spectra of a very high quality. There is no scientifically substantiated methodology of engineering calculation of a low capacity plant using an ethanol solvent to extract ingredients from vegetable materials. This shows how important it is to develop such equipment and introduce it in production. |
